Growth response of Norway spruce saplings in two forest gaps in the Swiss Alps to artificial browsing, infection with black snow mold, and competition by ground vegetation

Citation: Catherine Cunningham, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Veronika Stoeckli, Harald Bugmann (2006). Growth response of Norway spruce saplings in two forest gaps in the Swiss Alps to artificial browsing, infection with black snow mold, and competition by ground vegetation. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 36(11), 2782-2793. https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-156

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/x06-156

Authors:

• Niklaus E. Zimmermann
• Harald Bugmann
• Catherine Cunningham
• Veronika Stoeckli